Health Information

Urinary system

• What Is a Urinary Tract Infection? Symptoms, prevention and when to see a physician.
• What Are Kidney Stones? Stone types, formation and prevention.
• What Is Urine pH? The meaning of acidic and alkaline urine.
• What Is Polycystic Kidney Disease? An inherited kidney disease, its symptoms and follow-up.
• What Is Prostate Cancer? Symptoms, the PSA test and the screening decision.
• What Is Dysuria (Painful Urination)? Most common causes and when to see a doctor.
• What Is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)? Night-time urination, weak stream and assessment.
• What Is Chronic Prostatitis (Pelvic Pain)? Long lasting pelvic pain, its types and assessment.
• What Is Bladder Pain Syndrome? Interstitial cystitis, the bladder diary and triggers.
• What is cystitis? Symptoms and assessment What cystitis means, common bladder symptoms, urine testing, recurring symptoms and signs that need prompt medical assessment.
• What is the prostate? Structure, function and common conditions Where the prostate is, what it does, and how enlargement, prostatitis and prostate cancer differ.

Heart and circulation

• What Is Atrial Fibrillation? The most common arrhythmia and its link with stroke.
• What Is Hyperkalemia? Causes and significance of high potassium.

Liver and immunity

• What Is Liver Cirrhosis? Causes, symptoms and ascites.
• What Is Primary Immunodeficiency? Warning signs in recurrent infections.

Rare and inherited diseases

• What Is Phenylketonuria (PKU)? Newborn screening and the role of diet.

Bone and joint health

• Back, neck and muscle health Guides to stiffness, spasm, strain, movement and assessment.
• What Is Osteoarthritis? Joint pain, morning stiffness and the role of exercise.
• What Is Osteoporosis (Bone Loss)? Bone density measurement, the T score and preventing falls.

Reproductive health

• What Is Sperm Health and Semen Analysis? The values measured in a semen analysis and when to see a doctor.

Active substance articles

• What is diclofenac? The active ingredient and its different forms An overview of diclofenac, its medicine group, potassium and sodium salts, different routes of use and important safety considerations.
• What is thiocolchicoside? Information about a muscle-relaxant ingredient An overview of thiocolchicoside, short-term use and safety considerations, including why product-specific instructions and individual assessment matter.
• What Is Potassium Citrate? Chemistry, mode of action and uses.
• What Is Pentosan Polysulfate (Elmiron)? The GAG layer and interstitial cystitis.
• What Are Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)? Their types and roles in cartilage, skin and the bladder.
• What Are Cranberry and D-Mannose? Proanthocyanidins, the chemistry of mannose and their uses.
• What Are Maca and Ginseng? Botanical identity, macamides and ginsenosides.
• What Are Saw Palmetto and Nettle Root? Botanical identity, fatty acids, sterols and nettle root.
• What Is Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP)? Composition, research topics and all articles about MCP.
• What is calcium polystyrene sulfonate? Mechanism and research What calcium polystyrene sulfonate is, how it binds potassium in the bowel, and what research and monitoring show in hyperkalemia.

These articles are intended as general health information; for diagnosis and treatment consult your physician, and for questions about medicines consult your pharmacist.

Frequently asked questions

Are these articles medical advice?

No. They are prepared as general health information and do not replace diagnosis or treatment. Please consult your physician for any health problem.

How often are the articles updated?

Content is reviewed at regular intervals; publication and update dates appear in each page's schema.

Aymed İlaç Sanayi manufactures authorised medicinal products in urology and nephrology. The content on these pages is intended as general health information.